FAIR
MARKET VALUE - THE MARKET METHOD
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. Introduction
II. Market Method
III. Income Method
IV. Reconciliation
V. Time on the Market
VI. Seller's Net Sheet
VII. Owner Financing
VIII. Advantages Of Using TIP
IX. Marketing Plan
X. Dislaimer
XI. Cash Price vs. List Price
I. INTRODUCTION 
A. This is a market analysis of recent <TYPE> sales and property
for sale in the area of Austin designated <AREA> by the Austin
Board of Realtors. This information is used to estimate a fair market
value of your property using standard appraisal techniques.
The information gathered in this report came from reliable sources
such as the tax office and other real estate offices and is deemed
accurate but is not guaranteed by Texas Income Property. Duplex
sales are analyzed with respect to:
SALES PRICE
LOCATION
AGE
DATE OF SALE
FLOOR PLAN
MARKET RENTS
LIVING AREA (Sq. Ft.)
PARKING
CONDITION INTERIOR
CONDITION EXTERIOR
EXPENSES
LOT SIZE
AMENITIES
FINANCING
B. Two standard appraisal techniques are used to analyze this information
in order to estimate the value. These are:
1. Market Method
2. Income Method
In the conclusion these two methods are reconciled to estimate
the fair market value.
II. MARKET METHOD - COMPARISON
WITH ADJUSTMENTS TO SUBJECT PROPERTY: 
The subject property is compared with the following sold and closed
transactions on a line by line basis and value adjustments are estimated
for each feature of the closed transaction. Adjustments are then
added or sutacted from the
sales price to estimate the value of the subject property. The subject
property is summarized below and the closed transactions are evaluated
on the following pages.
The last section of this method summarizes competing properties
with a brief description of the location, asking price, floorplan,
rents and any other important information.
A. Subject Property
LOCATION: 4106 Ave C
DATE BUILT: 1900
FLOOR PLAN: 3-2 house + 1-1x2 Duplex
MARKET RENTS: Owner occupied house; $500 tl duplex
LIVING AREA: 1671 sf house + aprox. 500 sf duplex
PARKING: 20'x 20' garage
CONDITION INTERIOR: good
CONDITION EXTERIOR: wood siding; very good
EXPENSES:
1991 taxes: 936.09 hmstd & ovr 65
insurance: <>
utilities: <>
make ready/repairs: <>
LOT SIZE: 13,100 sf or 100' x 131'
AMENITIES: <>
A. Comparable 2307 La Casa
SOLD PRICE: $94,300
LOCATION: 1 mile from subject
DATE BUILT: 1969
DATE OF SALE: 7/91
FLOOR PLAN: 3/2 on each side
MARKET RENTS: $550-600
LIVING AREA: 1960
PARKING: n/a
CONDITION INTERIOR: good
CONDITION EXTERIOR: good
LOT SIZE: 74 x 103
EXPENSES:
1991 taxes: 936.09 hmstd & ovr 65
insurance: <>
utilities: <>
make ready/repairs: <>
AMENITIES Fireplace
FINANCING: Assumption of $87,200 loan at 9/%
TOTAL ADJUSTMENTS:
INDICATED VALUE OF SUBJECT: $<PRICE>
Gross Rent Multiplier
Sales price divided by Gross Monthly Market Rent = <> GRM
(Gross Rent Multiplier)
B. <ADDRESS> - Closed Sale
SOLD PRICE: $<>
LOCATION: <>
DATE BUILT: <>
DATE OF SALE: <>
FLOOR PLAN: <>
MARKET RENTS: <>
LIVING AREA: <>
PARKING: <>
CONDITION INTERIOR: <>
CONDITION EXTERIOR: <>
EXPENSES:
taxes: <>
insurance: <>
utilities: <>
make ready/repairs: <>
LOT SIZE: <>
AMENITIES <>
FINANCING: <>
TOTAL ADJUSTMENTS:
INDICATED VALUE OF SUBJECT: $<PRICE>
Gross Rent Multiplier
Sales price divided by Gross Monthly Market Rent = <> GRM
(Gross Rent Multiplier)
C. <ADDRESS> - Closed Sale
SOLD PRICE: $<>
LOCATION: <>
DATE BUILT: <>
DATE OF SALE: <>
FLOOR PLAN: <>
MARKET RENTS: <>
LIVING AREA: <>
PARKING: <>
CONDITION INTERIOR: <>
CONDITION EXTERIOR: <>
EXPENSES:
taxes: <>
insurance: <>
utilities: <>
make ready/repairs: <>
LOT SIZE: <>
AMENITIES <>
FINANCING: <>
TOTAL ADJUSTMENTS:
INDICATED VALUE OF SUBJECT: $<PRICE>
Gross Rent Multiplier
Sales price divided by Gross Monthly Market Rent = <> GRM
(Gross Rent Multiplier)
D. <ADDRESS> - Current Listing
LIST PRICE: $<PRICE>
LOCATION: <>
DATE BUILT: <>
FLOOR PLAN: <>
MARKET RENTS: <>
LIVING AREA: <>
PARKING: <>
CONDITION INTERIOR: <>
CONDITION EXTERIOR: <>
EXPENSES:
taxes: <>
insurance: <>
utilities: <>
make ready/repairs: <>
LOT SIZE: <>
AMENITIES: <>
FINANCING: <>
E. <ADDRESS> - Current Listing
LIST PRICE: $<PRICE>
LOCATION: <>
DATE BUILT: <>
FLOOR PLAN: <>
MARKET RENTS: <>
LIVING AREA: <>
PARKING: <>
CONDITION INTERIOR: <>
CONDITION EXTERIOR: <>
EXPENSES:
taxes: <>
insurance: <>
utilities: <>
make ready/repairs: <>
LOT SIZE: <>
AMENITIES: <>
FINANCING: <>
F. <ADDRESS> - Current Listing
LIST PRICE: $<PRICE>
LOCATION: <>
DATE BUILT: <>
FLOOR PLAN: <>
MARKET RENTS: <>
LIVING AREA: <>
PARKING: <>
CONDITION INTERIOR: <>
CONDITION EXTERIOR: <>
EXPENSES:
taxes: <>
insurance: <>
utilities: <>
make ready/repairs: <>
LOT SIZE: <>
AMENITIES: <>
FINANCING: <>
III. THE INCOME METHOD 
When estimating market value by the income method, a ratio is developed
between the sold price and the rental income. This is accomplished
by using closed sales from the subject neighborhood and dividing
the sales price by the rental
income. This results in a figure called the Gross Rent Multiplier
(GRM). Market rents are then established for the
subject property and multiplied by the GRM which yields an estimate
of value based on income stream.
SALES GROSS
ADDRESS PRICE RENT GRM
Comparable 1 <ADDRESS> <PRICE> <> <>
Comparable 2 <ADDRESS> <PRICE> <> <>
Comparable 3 <ADDRESS> <PRICE> <> <>
<COMMENTS>
Estimated rent for the subject: $<> Gross Rent/Month Times
GRM of <> = $<> value.
IV. Reconciliation of the
Methods: 
ALLOCATION ALLOCATION
PERCENT VALUE
AVERAGE AMOUNT OBTAINED
BY MARKET COMPARISON: $<> <>% $<>
INDICATED VALUE USING
INCOME APPROACH: $<> <>% $<>
INDICATED VALUE UTILIZING
REPLACEMENT COST NEW,
LESS DEPRECIATION: $<> <>% $<>
100%
ESTIMATE OF CASH VALUE: $<>
Discount Points: +$<>
Additional Selling Expenses: +$<>
Total: $<>
Recommended list price, including 3 discount points and 6% real
estate brokerage fee rounded to the nearest $500.00:
$<>
V. Time On The Market - Absorption
Rate and Supply 
The time on the market is affected by the absorption rate of sold
properties and current market conditions. The annual absorption
rate is the number of similar properties sold for the past 12 months
in the subject market area. This rate
compared to the total number of properties for sale in that market
area will estimate the supply of similar properties
for sale.
SALES IN PAST 12 MONTHS (Yearly absorption rate):
TOTAL NUMBER OF LISTINGS:
ESTIMATED SUPPLY:
TREND: _____UP _____STATIC _____DOWN
Comments:
VI. SELLER'S NET SHEET 
This is an estimate only of your net sales proceeds after selling
costs are considered. Some of the items may not be present depending
on the type of offer you receive.
SELLER: ADDRESS:
DATE:
CREDITS
Sales Price 92,500.00
Insurance prorations 250.00
Reserves on Deposit with Loan Company
CHARGES
1st Lien Note (estimate)
2nd Lien Note 0.00
Discount Points ( %) on $ 0.00
Brokerage Fee (6%) 5,500.00
Title Policy 965.00
Security Deposits 600.00
Repair Allowance 1,500.00
1992 Tax (estimate) 0.00
Attorney Fee 350.00
IRS fee 35.00
Title Co. Escrow Fee 75.00
Tax Certificates 35.00
Recording Fees 20.00
Photos, Survey 0.00
Loan Pay-off Penalty 0.00
Rents from 1st to 1st 600.00
Interest from 1st to 1st 300.00
Tax Service Fee 72.50
Other
Estimated Charges
Approximate Balance Due to Seller $
Owner Financing 0.00
Net Cash to Seller $
Notes:
1 These figures are only estimated and are based on information
obtained from sources deemed reliable, but are in no way guaranteed.
2. Seller should immediately notify lender of pending loan pay-off
to reduce pay-off and interest charges.
3. Seller should cancel insurance at closing and funding to receive
reimbursement.
4. Seller should change utilities and other services that are in
the name of the Seller to the new owner after closing.
5. Always consult your CPA or accountant on the capital gains tax
impact of selling your investment property.
VII. Owner Financing 
A. An alternative to obtaining new financing at current market
rates, which can sometimes be difficult depending on market conditions,
is allowing a Buyer to assume your existing loan(s) and financing
all or part of your equity. When making the decision to finance
the equity in an installment sale the advantages and disadvantages
should be considered for each situation. By working with a knowledgable
Realtor who can analyze the market conditions, the property condition
and neighborhood location, a strategy to market your property can
be formulated to accomplish your objectives.
An owner financing checklist, which summarizes some important
issues when selling your property, is summarized. In addition, your
attorney and tax advisor should always be consulted whenever considering
an installment sale.
1. Advantages for an installment sale of your investment property:
a. PREMIUM PRICE - Buyer usually pays a premium for properties
with these terms. Sometimes 5% to 10% above market value.
b. REDUCED TAXES - Your capital gains taxes can often be reduced
depending on your tax position and current tax law.
c. SAVINGS - Closing costs are reduced. There are no discount points
for either seller or buyer to pay.
d. TIME - A transaction can take one to two weeks to complete.
2. Disadvantages of owner financing should also be considered:
a. LIABILITY TO PAY - The responsiblity of any note assumed by
the buyer may still remain with you and/or any previous owner(s)
going back to the original note maker. See your attorney for details.
b. DISCOUNT - If you need to sell your owner financed note to
raise cash, a discount from face value may be required
B. OWNER FINANCING CHECKLIST
If you decide to finance a note for financial, tax, or market reasons,
consider the following items:
1. If the property is sold in the future and your note is assumed,
generally three things can occur:
a. Anyone can assume without providing a formal financial statement.
b. A qualified buyer can assume with an approved financial statement.
c. The entire Note could be due upon the sale. The exact manner
of assumption is negotiable and factors such as length of time,
terms, amount of owner financing and sales price can effect this
issue.
2. Proof of insurance to cover owner financing at closing should
be provided by Buyer.
3. Late penalty should be addressed on the contract (for example,
late on the 15th, $25.00, or 4% penalty).
4. Copies of yearly paid tax receipts provided to seller if the
owner is financing the first lien.
5. The owner of a note can sell it on the open market usually
at a discounted value depending on yields
required by the marketplace.
Example:
a. Assume the market requires a yield of a 12% annual return to
the buyer of note.
b. A $100,000.00 owner financed note at 9% with interest only payments
and a balloon in 7 years.
c. Cash value today would be approximately $85,837.89.
This represents a discount of 14% from face value. In addition,
the note can be sold in part or in whole. Some
Buyers of notes will buy 3 to 4 years of payments and give the note
back to the seller after that time. Details can be
provided at the owners request from our office or most mortgage
exchange brokers.
Consult your attorney, C.P.A., or tax advisor for any plans you
may have in either buying, selling, or planning your real
estate portfolio.
VIII. ADVANTAGES OF USING TIP
A. Competitive advantage: We offer 4% to Selling Agents on 7% listings.
This generates incentive, more interest, and more showings. As a
result your property will sell faster at a higher price.
B. It requires more experience to sell duplexes and fourplexes
than houses because these properties are occupied by tenants that
may feel apprehensive about showings, inspections and the eventual
sale of the property. We have experience in dealing with tenants
and understand their needs for security and privacy.
C. We deal with sophisticated buyers that demand more information
than a typical housebuyer, i.e., Market analysis, rental analysis,
and cash flow analysis with tax implications. This takes more knowledge
and expertise than the typical residential sales agent has to offer.
D. We're the best in our area of specialization. TIP is the leader
in duplex and fourplex sales in Austin (see MLS statistics) for
1983, 1984, 1985, 1986 and 1987.
IX. MARKETING PLANS 
A. Submit listing information to MLS (Multiple Listing Service)
computer which is accessible to about 2,000 agents and brokers in
the Austin metropolitan area.
B. Mail out information to over 2,000 investors.
C. Advertize in the Austin American Statesman.
D. Present information about our listings at seminars we conduct.
E. Mailouts presenting listing to owners in the immediate area
surrounding the property.
F. Present our best listings in our quarterly newsletter.
G. Share our inventory with other members of the Commercial Investment
Division of the Austin Board of Realtors.
X. DISCLAIMER 
If a fee is charged for a Broker's Price Opinion or Comparative
Market Analysis, the following disclaimer is submitted.
This is an opinion of value or comparative market analysis and
should not be considered an appraisal. In making any decision that
relies upon my work, you should know that I have not followed the
guidelines for development of an appraisal or analysis contained
in the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice of the
Appraisal Foundation.
XI. Cash Price vs. List Price

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